句型練習
Ⅰ. Passive Voice: S + be + p.p.
1 本句型介紹被動語態
1 本句型介紹被動語態
主動句：S
+ vt. + O
被動句：S + be + p.p. + by + O
(2) 其使用時機如下：
① 原動作的執行者（即主動句的主詞）不詳或不重要，此時by + O通常可省略。
• Someone stole Jenny’s purse on the bus this morning.
→Jenny’s purse was stolen (by
someone) on the bus this morning.
② 原主動句的主詞過長，造成句子頭重腳輕。
• Recently,
a very good friend of mine who has just returned from a long journey
visited me.
→Recently, I was visited by a
very good friend of mine who has just returned from a long journey.
③ 原主動句的受詞比主詞重要。
• A gunman killed three people in the street
last night.
S O
→Three people were killed by a gunman in the street
last night.
④ 求整篇文章敘述的一致性（欲強調的重點在句中的地位保持相同）。
• The new student entered the classroom. Mr. Lin
introduced him to our class, and then he took a seat beside me.（此句強調的主詞為the new student，但主詞換來換去，易造成混淆。）
→The new student entered the classroom, was introduced to our
class by Mr. Lin, and then took a seat beside me.
2 被動語態各種時式的例句：
(1) 現在式：She is praised by
her teacher.
(2) 過去式：This building was built
in 1999.
(3) 未來式：This job will be
finished tomorrow.
(4) 完成式：The game has been
canceled.
(5) 現在進行式：A new road is being built
in the northern part of the city.
(6) 過去進行式：John was being punished
by the teacher when the principal walked into the classroom.
(7) 助動詞：It must be done now.
3 注意 原則上，只有及物動詞才能使用被動語態，但也有少數及物動詞無被動語態。
(1) have（有）、resemble（長得像）、cost（花費金錢）、take（花費時間）、last（持續）等
(2) 度量衡動詞，如：weigh,
measure等
4 其他用法補充：
(1) 授與動詞的主動語態與被動語態：
S + V + IO + D
→ IO + be + p.p. + DO (by sb.)
→ DO + be + p.p. + to/for IO (by sb.)
→ IO + be + p.p. + DO (by sb.)
→ DO + be + p.p. + to/for IO (by sb.)
• Albert gave Mary a book.
→ Mary was given a book (by Albert).
→ A book was given to Mary (by Albert).
(2) 使役動詞make的被動語態：
S + make + O + VR
→S + be
made + to VR
• They made him wait in the lobby all day.
→He was
made to wait in the lobby (by them) all day.
Ⅱ. S + V1 + so that + S + (aux. V)V2
1... so (that)與 in order that + S + V.. 極為相似，但 in order that 較為正式。另外，so that後面的子句通常會使用情態助動詞can, could, will, would，較正式則用may, might。
• He got up early in order that he could catch the
first train.
• He will arrive early so that he may have some
time to talk to you.
• He went on a diet so that he might lose
weight.
2 比較：“so + adj./adv. + that...”「如此……以致於……」：
• Ken ran very fast so that he could
catch up with all the others in his class.（表目的）
• My father was so tired that he couldn’t eat dinner.（表結果）
3 其他用法補充：
(1)為了：Ｓ＋Ｖ＋in order
to/so as to + VR：
（說明：如果要表示否定，則在to之前加上not。此外，in
order to和so as to都可省略成to，但注意表否定時通常不會省略。）
• She walked on her toes in order/so
as not to disturb the sleeping baby.
• (In order) To be there on time, my
sister left home at seven. （註so as
to 不放句首）
• He dropped his glass (in order/so
as) to catch the girl’s attention.
(3) 為了 Ｓ＋Ｖ＋with a
view to/with an eye to/for
the purpose of + V-ing:
• She studied hard day and night with an eye to
entering an ideal college.
• He was saving up his money for the purpose of
going to Europe in spring.
A. 改寫句子
1. Every day/Cindy/walk to school fast/not be
late
→
2. Lydia/studied hard/pass the exam
→
3. Derek/practice hard/have perfect concert
performances
→
4. Mr. Goodman/had two jobs in the past/support
his family
→
5. Jeff/finished his homework in advance/go
hiking/his classmates/weekend
→
參考答案：
A.
1. Every day Cindy walks to school fast so that
she won’t be late.
2. Lydia studied hard so that she could pass the
exam.
3. Derek practices hard so that he can have
perfect concert performances.
4. Mr. Goodman had two jobs in the past so that
he could support his family.
5. Jeff finished his homework in advance so that
he could go hiking with his classmates on the weekend.
